Nueva Era is one of twenty-one (21) municipalities (along with two cities) comprising the province of Ilocos Norte in the Ilocos Region. The town is politically subdivided into eleven (11) barangays, and is a part of the 2nd Congressional District of Ilocos Norte.

Nueva Era, with its vast forestland, is considered a protection area which serves as a watershed cradle in southern Ilocos Norte.

Moreover, as it was in the past, it serves as a major source of agricultural and agro-forest products like rice, corn, vegetables, tobacco, cotton, rootcrops, fruits and bamboo.