South Ubian is one of eleven (11) municipalities comprising the province of Tawi-Tawi in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region ( BARMM ). The town is politically subdivided into thirty-one (31) barangays, and is a part of the Lone Congressional District of Tawi-Tawi.

The major livelihood of people in South Ubian is farming and fishing. Lately, however, seaweed farming has been the main source of income, and this has been encouraged and provided with support by the government.

Aside from marine resources, there are natural attractions in South Ubian. An island known Looran which has historical significance, is considered a marine reserve, and is protected from illegal fishing by the people themselves. There are also cave formations in the area which could be developed into tourist attractions.

South Ubian is one of the municipalities of Tawi-Tawi which has been the focus of poverty reduction programs of regional line agencies. The Department of Agriculture and Fisheries in coordination with the local government has established a Municipal Farmer/Fisherman Training Center in line with its agri-fishery modernization plan.