The Minor Basilica and Metropolitan Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception—commonly known as the Manila Cathedral—is a significant Roman Catholic landmark located in the heart of Intramuros, a living chronicle of the country’s history, resilience, and faith.

Founded in 1571 on the behest of Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi, who earlier took possession of the native settlement Maynilad, Legazpi apportioned a parcel of land for the church, and the cathedral began as a modest parish under the patronage of La Purisima Inmaculada Concepcion administered by the secular Juan de Vivero.

Now serving as the Mother of All Churches in the Philippines, the original church was the one chosen to become the Cathedral in 1581 when the country became a new diocese with its episcopal seat in Manila.

Over the centuries, the structure has faced destruction from earthquakes and war, and has been rebuilt eight times, each iteration rising from the ruins. The present-day Cathedral, completed in 1958, showcases a majestic Neo-Romanesque façade, ornate bronze doors, a soaring graceful cupola, and intricate artistic details that narrate biblical scenes and Filipino devotion.

The cathedral’s enduring legacy is marked by its artistic beauty and its role as a center of faith, history, and spiritual life of the nation. Friezes on the bronze doors and detailed wall carvings tell stories of the cathedral’s history. Inside, visitors find a gilded altar, statues of saints, and elaborate stained glass windows with Marian themes.

The Cathedral has received papal recognition, including its designation as a Minor Basilica by Pope John Paul II in 1981.

Beyond its architectural grandeur, the Cathedral has hosted historic events—from papal visits to national celebrations—and remains an important destination in Intramuros, connecting visitors to the Philippines’ colonial past and religious heritage.

Whether you’re drawn by its solemn beauty, its storied past, or its cultural significance, the Manila Cathedral stands as a powerful symbol of endurance and grace in the heart of the old city.